ネジバナは小さな花々が細長い花茎の周りを螺旋状に咲きます。花弁は桃色、唇弁は白色。彼方此方に現れては消える無常の花ともいえます。
Screw flower has small flowers that spiral around an elongated flower stalk. The petals are pink and the lip petals are white. It can be said that it is an unchanging flower that appears and disappears over there.
【仮名】ネジバナ, モジズリ
【和名】捩花, 綟摺
【英名】Screw Flower, Lady’s Tresses
【学名】Spiranthes sinensis
【誕生】07/ 04, 11/ 30
【開花】05, 06, 07, 08月
【花色】White, Pink
ネジバナ
ネジバナの原産地
ネジバナはラン科の多年草です。欧州東部からアジア全域、豪州まで広く分布。日当たりはよいけれど、乾燥しないところを好みます。名前の由来は、多くの小さな花が細長い花茎の周りを密着しながら螺旋状に並んで咲くから。学名もラテン語で 「螺旋」と「花」を意味しています。
ネジバナの巻き方
ネジバナの花は花弁が桃色、唇弁が白色。ねじれ方は右巻きと左巻きがあり、巻かないものや、途中で巻き方が変わるものもあります。別名モジズリの由来は花の咲き方が綟摺の模様のようだから。綟摺とは摺衣の一種で、草の葉や茎の汁を布にすりつけて模様を染め出したものです。
ネジバナの形態
ネジバナの葉は柔らかく厚みがあって、夏は細長く、冬は楕円形。根は太く短く少なく、菌類と共生する菌根です。結実は他花受粉。小さなハナバチ類が花粉塊を運びます。しかし、もし長い間、花粉塊が運び去られないと、そのまま崩壊。花粉が柱頭に降りかかり、自家受粉します。
ネジバナの生態
ネジバナは、ラン科の植物としては珍しく野原や庭園など、身近なところで見かけます。種子はたまたま落ちた場所であっても、普通に発芽して強健に育ち、雑草のように繁殖。一方、江戸時代から栽培が試みられているものの、同じ株を長く育て続けるのは、とても難しいようです。
ネジバナの更新
ネジバナは造成地などに数年で大群落が形成されることもあります。しかし、たいていは数年で消滅。根付いて何年も健全に育っていた鉢植えも、植え替えなどで菌根菌との共生関係が乱されると、枯死してしまいます。更新と消長。彼方此方に現れては消える無常の花ともいえます。
ネジバナの和歌
ネジバナは古くから和歌にも詠まれています。万葉集の「芝付の御宇良崎なる根都古草逢ひ見ずあらば吾恋ひめやも」は恋人を根都古草（ネジバナ）にかけて想う歌。百人一首の「陸奥のしのぶもぢずり誰ゆゑに乱れそめにしわれならなくに」はネジバナのように乱れる恋情の歌です。
Screw Flower
Origin of Screw flower
Screw flower is a perennial plant of the Orchidaceae family. Widely distributed from eastern Europe to all over Asia and Australia. It prefer a place that is sunny but not dry. The name comes from the fact that many small flowers bloom in a spiral line around the elongated flower stalk. The scientific name is also Latin for “spiral” and “flower”.
How to wind Screw flower
The petals of Screw flower are pink and the lips are white. There are right-handed and left-handed twists, some do not wind, and some change the winding method in the middle. The origin of the other name, Mojizuri, is that the way the flowers bloom is like a pattern of Screw flower. Mojizuri is a type of garment, which is made by rubbing the juice of grass leaves and stems on a cloth to dye the pattern.
Screw flower form
The leaves of Screw flower are soft and thick, elongated in summer and oval in winter. The roots are thick, short and few, and are mycorrhizas that coexist with fungi. Fruiting is pollination of other flowers. Small bees carry pollen lumps. However, if the pollen mass is not carried away for a long time, it collapses as it is. Pollen falls on the stigma and self-pollinates.
Ecology of Screw flower
Screw flower is rare for Orchidaceae plants and can be found in familiar places such as fields and gardens. Even in places where seeds happen to fall, they germinate normally, grow robustly, and propagate like weeds. On the other hand, although cultivation has been attempted since the Edo period, it seems very difficult to continue growing the same strain for a long time.
Screw flower update
Screw flower may form a large community in a few years on the site where it was created. However, it usually disappears in a few years. Potted plants that have taken root and have grown healthy for many years will die if the symbiotic relationship with mycorrhizal fungi is disturbed due to replanting. Updates and fate. It can be said that it is an unchanging flower that appears and disappears over there.
Screw flower waka
Screw flower has been written in Japanese poems for a long time. Manyoshu’s “Shibatsuki no Miurasaki Naru Netsukogusa Ai mizu Araba Waga Koi meyamo” is a song about a lover over Nejibana. Hyakunin Isshu’s “Michinoku no Shinobu Mojizuri Tare yue ni Midaresomenshi Warenaranakuni” is a song of love that is disturbed like Screw flower.
