ハナニラは、地中の鱗茎からニラに似た細長い葉が伸長。茎葉や鱗茎を傷つけると、ニラのような臭いが漂う一方、花は甘い香りを放ちます。
Spring star have elongated leaves that resemble garlic chives extending from the bulbs in the ground. Damage to the foliage and bulbs gives off a garlic-like odor, while the flowers give off a sweet scent.
【仮名】ハナニラ
【和名】花韮
【英名】Spring Star
【学名】Ipheion uniflorum
【誕生】03/ 26
【開花】03, 04月
【花色】White, Pink, Blue
ハナニラ
ハナニラの生態
ハナニラはヒガンバナ科の多年草です。原産地はアルゼンチン。イフェイオン属は中南米に25種ほど分布し、そのうち最も世界中に広がっているのが、このユニフロルム種です。日本へは明治時代に渡来し、各地で逸出・帰化。とても丈夫なので、放っておいても毎年、花が咲きます。
ハナニラの形態
ハナニラは、地中の鱗茎からニラに似た細長い葉が伸長。葉と葉の間から花茎を伸ばし、先端に花弁６枚の花を咲かせます。花は淡い青色や桃色、柔らかい白色。優しい印象のせいか「愛しい人」「耐える愛」、寂しい印象のせいか「別れ」「恨み」「卑劣」という花言葉があります。
ハナニラの名前
ハナニラの名前の由来は、茎葉や鱗茎を傷つけると、ニラのような臭いが漂うから。その一方で、花は甘い香りを放ちます。ニラの花茎と花蕾も「花にら」と呼ばれますが、ニラはネギ属の野菜で食用。ハナニラは食べられません。ニラは花茎の先端が分枝。ハナニラは分枝しません。
ハナニラの近縁
ハナニラには近縁種があり、それらを組み合わせることで、開花時期が広がります。ノトスコルダム属の「セロウィアナム」はユニフロルム種よりも早い２月に開花。花は鮮やかな黄色です。トリスタグマ属の「パルビフローラ」は、さらに開花時期が早く11～12月。花色は白です。
Spring Star
Ecology of Spring star
Spring star is a perennial plant of the Amaryllidaceae family. The place of origin is Argentina. The genus Ipheion is distributed in about 25 species in Central and South America, and the most widespread species in the world is this Uniflorum species. They came to Japan in the Meiji era and escaped and naturalized in various places. It’s so durable that it blooms every year even if left alone.
Form of Spring star
Spring star have elongated leaves that resemble garlic chives extending from the bulbs in the ground. The flower stalk is extended from between the leaves, and 6 petals are bloomed at the tip. The flowers are pale blue, pink, and soft white. There are flower words such as “loved one” and “love to endure” because of a gentle impression, and “parting”, “grudge” and “sneaky” because of a lonely impression.
Spring star’s name
The name Spring star (garlic flower) comes from the fact that if you damage the foliage or bulbs, you will smell like garlic. On the other hand, the flowers give off a sweet scent. Garlic chives and flower buds are also called “garlic flower”, but garlic is a vegetable of the genus Allium and is edible. Spring star can’t be eaten. Garlic chives have a branch at the tip of the flower stalk. Spring star does not branch.
Close relatives of Spring star
There are closely related species of Spring star, and by combining them, the flowering time can be expanded. The genus Nothoscordum “sellowianum” blooms in February, earlier than the Uniflorum species. The flowers are bright yellow. “parviflora” of the genus Tristagma has an earlier flowering time from November to December. The flower color is white.
