モミジアオイの和名の由来は深く５つに裂けている葉の形が「伊呂波紅葉」などに似ているから。別名「紅蜀葵」は花色に因んだ中国名です。
The Japanese name for Scarlet Rosemallow means “maple-like hollyhock” because the shape of the leaves, which are deeply lobed into five, resembles that of a maple. There is also a Japanese name meaning “red hollyhock”, which is derived from the Chinese name related to the flower color.
【仮名】モミジアオイ, コウショッキ
【和名】紅葉葵, 紅蜀葵
【英名】Scarlet Rosemallow
【学名】Hibiscus coccineus
【誕生】08/ 04, 09/ 26, 10/ 01, 10/ 13
【開花】07, 08, 09月
【花色】White, Pink, Red
モミジアオイ
モミジアオイの概要
モミジアオイはアオイ科フヨウ属の多年草。原産地は北米南東部で、河川や湖沼に近い湿ったところで自生しています。日本へは江戸時代末期に渡来。暑さにも寒さにも強く、丈夫に育ちます。秋が終わると茎葉が枯れ、春が始まると新芽が伸びる宿根草。花言葉は「温和」などです。
モミジアオイの名前
モミジアオイの和名の由来は、深く５つに裂けている葉の形が「伊呂波紅葉」などムクロジ科カエデ属に似ているから。別名「紅蜀葵」は花色に因んだ中国名です。英名は「真紅の草芙蓉」といった意味。ラテン語の属名ヒビスカスは「立葵」、種小名コッキネウスは「紅色の」です。
モミジアオイの姿形
モミジアオイの茎は固く直立して丈が高く、表面に薄らと白色の粉を吹きます。葉は３～７裂して細長い掌状。花は朝方咲いて夕方萎れます。花被は艶のある赤色で重ならずに５枚、雌しべは雄しべを合着させて柱頭が５裂。花後の蒴果は熟すと５裂し、小さな丸い種子を散らします。
モミジアオイの近縁
モミジアオイの近縁「アメリカ芙蓉」も北米に分布し、河川や湖沼の近くで自生しています。葉が幅広の心形で、花も盃状で木本の芙蓉に似ていますが、草本なので別名「草芙蓉」。紅葉葵との交配種「タイタンビカス」は葉が幅広の掌状で、花被が重ならないものの丸みを帯びます。
Scarlet Rosemallow
Overview of Scarlet Rosemallow
Scarlet Rosemallow is a perennial plant of the genus Hibiscus in the family Malvaceae. It is native to southeastern North America, where it grows naturally in damp areas near rivers and lakes. It came to Japan at the end of the Edo period. It is resistant to both heat and cold and grows hardy. It is a perennial plant whose stems and leaves wither at the end of autumn and new shoots grow when spring begins. The language of flowers is “gentle”.
Name of Scarlet Rosemallow
The Japanese name for Scarlet Rosemallow means “maple-like hollyhock” because the shape of the leaves, which are deeply lobed into five, resembles that of a maple. There is also a Japanese name meaning “red hollyhock”, which is derived from the Chinese name related to the flower color. The Latin genus name Hibiscus means “hollyhock” and the species name Coccineus means “crimson”.
Shape of Scarlet Rosemallow
Scarlet Rosemallow’s stems are stiff, erect, and tall, with a light white powder on the surface. The leaves are elongated and palmate with 3 to 7 lobes. Flowers bloom in the morning and wither in the evening. The perianth is glossy red and has 5 non-overlapping petals. The pistil unites the stamens and the stigma is divided into 5 parts. After flowering, the capsule splits into 5 parts when ripe and scatters small round seeds.
Relative of Scarlet Rosemallow
Swamp Rose Mallow, a close relative of Scarlet Rosemallow, is also distributed in North America and grows naturally near rivers and lakes. The leaves are wide and heart-shaped, and the flowers are cup-shaped, similar to the woody Cotton Rose, but because it is an herb, it also has the Japanese name “Grass Cotton Rose”. “Titanbicus”, a hybrid with Scarlet Rosemallow, has broad palmate leaves and rounded perianths, although they do not overlap.
