サギソウは、花が「白鷺」のように翼を広げ、空を飛んでいるように見えます。低湿地の多年草。花の下に伸びた「距」の奥に蜜を湛えます。
White Egret Flower is a perennial plant in low-lying wetlands. The name comes from the fact that the flower spreads its wings like a white egret and looks like it is flying in the sky. Nectar is stored deep in the spur that extends below the flower.
【仮名】サギソウ
【和名】鷺草
【英名】White Egret Flower, White Egret Orchid
【学名】Habenaria radiata, Pecteilis radiata
【誕生】08/ 13, 08/ 21
【開花】07, 08月
【花色】White
サギソウ
サギソウの概要
サギソウはラン科の多年草。日本では本州、四国、九州、国外では朝鮮半島、台湾の低湿地で自生しています。名前の由来は花が「白鷺」のように翼を広げ、空を飛んでいるように見えるから。花の下に伸びた「距」の奥に蜜を湛え、口吻の長いセスジスズメなどに送受粉を託します。
サギソウの学名
サギソウのラテン語の現在の属名ハベナリアは「手綱」という意味で、花の下に長く伸びた距を表します。以前の属名ペクテイリスは「櫛の歯のような」という意味で、扇状で縁が細かく裂けた側花弁を形容。種小名ラディアータは「放射状」という意味で、同様に側花弁を表します。
サギソウの姿形
サギソウの地下茎は太い根を出しながら伸び、先端が肥大して塊茎を形成。茎は細く単立し、葉は線形で互生します。花の上部は背萼片と側萼片、側花弁があり、真ん中に嘴体、仮雄しべ、葯室、葯隔、粘着体、柱頭。下部は唇弁の中裂片が線形、側裂片が縁の細かく裂けた扇形です。
サギソウの近縁
サギソウの近縁種「大鷺草」は草丈が大きく、本州関東以南の太平洋側、四国、九州、国外では東南アジアに分布しています。ラテン語の種小名デンタータは「歯のような」という意味。側萼片が白色で大きく、側裂片が浅く裂けて小さいため、翼を二重に広げているように見えます。
White Egret Flower
White Egret Flower is a perennial plant of the Orchidaceae family. It is found in Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu in Japan, and in the Korean Peninsula and Taiwan overseas, growing wild in low-lying wetlands. The flower spreads its wings like a white egret and looks like it is flying in the sky. The nectar is stored deep in the spur that extends under the flower, and the pollen is sent and received by the long-proboscis Theretra oldenlandiae.
The current Latin genus name of White Egret Flower, Habenaria, means “reins” and refers to the long spur that extends under the flower. The previous genus name Pecteilis means “like the teeth of a comb” and describes the fan-shaped lateral petals with finely torn edges. The specific name radiata means “radiating” and similarly refers to the lateral petals.
The underground stem of White Egret Flower grows while putting out thick roots, and the tip swells to form a tuber. The stem is thin and solitary, and the leaves are linear and alternate. The upper part of the flower has a dorsal sepal, lateral sepals, and lateral petals. In the middle are the beak, stamens, anther chamber, anther septum, adhesive body, and stigma. The lower part has a linear central lobe of the lip, and the lateral lobes are fan-shaped with finely torn edges.
A closely related species of the White Egret Flower, “Habenaria dentata,” is tall and is distributed on the Pacific coast of Honshu south of the Kanto region, in Shikoku, Kyushu, and overseas in Southeast Asia. The Latin specific name means “tooth-like.” The lateral sepals are white and large, and the lateral lobes are shallowly torn and small, so it looks like it has two wings spread out.
