ハナビシソウの和名の由来は、４枚の花弁を配した菱形模様「花菱」。初夏の陽光に映える鮮やかな橙色の花々が辺り一面に咲き広がります。
The Japanese name California Poppy means “a flower resembling a traditional diamond pattern with four petals.” Bright orange flowers that shine in the early summer sunlight bloom all over the area.
【仮名】ハナビシソウ
【和名】花菱草
【英名】California Poppy
【学名】Eschscholzia californica
【誕生】03 /11, 03 /24, 05 /13
【開花】04, 05, 06月
【花色】White, Pink, Red, Yellow, Orange
ハナビシソウ
ハナビシソウの概要
ハナビシソウはケシ科の１年草または多年草。米国西部からメキシコ北部にかけて自生し、カルフォルニアでは先住民が薬や化粧に用いました。花言葉は「富」「栄光」「希望」など。日本へは明治時代に渡来し、初夏の陽光に映える鮮やかな橙色の花々が辺り一面に咲き広がります。
ハナビシソウの名前
ハナビシソウの和名の由来は、花の形が４枚の花弁を配した伝統的な菱形模様「花菱」に似ているから。ラテン語の属名エッショルツィアは19世紀の植物学者ヨハン・エッシュショルツへの献名です。種小名のカルフォルニカは原産地に由来。カルフォルニアでは州を象徴する花です。
ハナビシソウの姿形
ハナビシソウの茎は直立。葉は根生または互生し、掌状に深く、羽状に細く裂けます。花は杯形で、花弁が４枚、雌しべが４裂、雄しべがたくさん。朝方に咲いて夕方に萎れる一日花です。原産地の標準種は橙色の一重咲き。花後は細長い蒴果を結び、熟すと小さな種子を散らします。
ハナビシソウの類縁
ハナビシソウは大輪の橙色一重咲き「オレンジ・キング」、桃色の八重咲き「ローズ・シフォン」、淡黄色の八重咲き「ミルクメイド」など園芸種がたくさん。一方、近縁種「姫花菱草」はラテン語の種小名カエスピトサが「群生」という意味で淡黄色の小さな花がたくさん咲きます。
California Poppy
California Poppy is an annual or perennial herb of the Papaveraceae family. It grows wild from the western United States to northern Mexico, and was used by indigenous people in California for medicine and cosmetics. The language of flowers is “wealth”, “glory”, and “hope”. It was introduced to Japan during the Meiji era, and the bright orange flowers that shine in the early summer sunlight bloom all over the place.
The Japanese name California Poppy means “a flower resembling a traditional diamond pattern with four petals.” The Latin genus name Eschscholzia is a tribute to the 19th century botanist Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz. The species name californica is derived from its place of origin. In California, it is the state flower.
California Poppy’s stems are erect. The leaves are basal or alternate, deeply palmate and pinnately lobed. The flowers are cup-shaped, with 4 petals, 4-lobed pistils, and many stamens. It is a one-day flower that blooms in the morning and wilts in the evening. The standard species in its native area has single orange blooms. After flowering, it forms a long, slender capsule, and when ripe, it scatters small seeds.
There are many garden varieties of California Poppy. These include “Orange King” with large orange single blooms, “Rose Chiffon” with pink double blooms, and “Milk Maid” with pale yellow double blooms. On the other hand, there is a closely related species called “Eschscholzia caespitosa”. Its Latin species name means “cluster”, and it has many small pale yellow flowers.
