ゴシキトウガラシは果実が球形、卵形、雫形、長球形と多様で、果色も熟度に応じて変化します。草丈が低いので花壇や寄せ植えなどに利用。
Ornamental Pepper have a variety of fruit shapes such as spherical, egg-shaped, drop-shaped, and spheroidal, and the color of the fruit changes depending on the degree of maturity. It is used for flower beds and group planting due to its low plant height.
【仮名】ゴシキトウガラシ, ハナトウガラシ, カンショウヨウトウガラシ
【和名】五色唐辛子, 花唐辛子, 観賞用唐辛子
【英名】Ornamental Pepper
【学名】Capsicum annuum
【誕生】10/ 12
【開花】06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 11, 12月
【花色】White, Red, Purple, Green, Yellow, Orange
ゴシキトウガラシ
ゴシキトウガラシの来歴
ゴシキトウガラシはナス科トウガラシ属の１年草です。トウガラシ属の原産地は南米の熱帯で、20種ほどの原種が分布。2000年以上前から食用品種が栽培されてきました。それらをコロンブスがスペインに持ち帰ったときに「胡椒」と誤認されたため、そのまま英名も「ペッパー」に。
ゴシキトウガラシの名前
ゴシキトウガラシの和名の由来は果色が変化に富む唐辛子。唐辛子は「唐から渡来した辛子」という意味ですが、この唐は中国でなく「外国」のことです。実際、日本へは16世紀にポルトガルから渡来。ラテン語の属名カプシカムは「袋」、種名アンヌムは「１年草」という意味です。
ゴシキトウガラシの形態
ゴシキトウガラシの葉は披針形で互生。緑色だけでなく、紫色や斑入りもあります。花はたくさん咲きますが、白く小さく地味。一方、果実は観賞期間が長く、果形が球形、卵形、雫形、長球形と多様で、果色も熟度に応じて変化します。草丈が低いので、花壇や寄せ植えなどに利用。
ゴシキトウガラシの品種
ゴシキトウガラシの「ブラックパール」は葉が暗紫色で、果実が黒色から赤色に変化。「ホットポップスパープル」は果実が紫色から橙色に変わります。「パープルフラッシュ」は果実が紫色で、葉が白から濃紫色に変化。いずれも観賞用に育成された品種なので食用には向きません。
Ornamental Pepper
Origin of Ornamental Pepper
Ornamental Pepper is an annual herb belonging to the Solanaceae family. The genus Capsicum is native to tropical South America, and about 20 original species are distributed. Edible varieties have been cultivated for over 2000 years. When Columbus brought them back to Spain, they were misidentified as “pepper”, so the English name was fixed as “pepper”.
Name of Ornamental Pepper
The origin of the Japanese name colorful pepper is because they are the pepper with a variety of fruit colors. That means “pepper that came from Tang”, but this Tang is not China but “foreign country”. In fact, they came to Japan from Portugal in the 16th century. The Latin genus name Capsicum means “bag” and the species name Annum means “annual”.
Morphology of Ornamental Pepper
The leaves of Ornamental Pepper are lanceolate and alternate. Not only green, but also purple and variegated. Many flowers bloom, but they are white, small and plain. On the other hand, the fruit has a long ornamental period, and the shape of the fruit varies from spherical, oval, drop-shaped, and spheroidal. Because the plant height is low, they are used for flower beds and group planting.
Cultivars of Ornamental Pepper
Ornamental Pepper “Black Pearl” leaves are dark purple, and the fruit changes from black to red. “Hot Pops Purple” turns the fruit from purple to orange. “Purple Flash” has purple fruit and leaves that change from white to dark purple. All of them are breeds bred for ornamental purposes, so they are not suitable for eating.
