ホトトギスは山中の林内で密かに可憐な花を咲かせます。茎には褐色の毛が密生。花被片の内側に紫色の斑点、基部に黄色の斑点があります。
Toad lily secretly blooms pretty flowers in the forest in the mountains. The stem is densely populated with brown hair. There are purple spots on the inside of the tepal and yellow spots on the base.
【仮名】ホトトギス, シロホトトギス
【和名】杜鵑草, 白杜鵑草
【英名】Toad Lily
【学名】Tricyrtis hirta
【誕生】09/ 12, 10/ 09, 10/ 25, 11/ 29
【開花】08, 09, 10月
【花色】White, Purple, Violet, Yellow
ホトトギス
ホトトギスの生態
ホトトギスはユリ科ホトトギス属の多年草。日本の固有種で、北海道南西部から本州、四国、九州まで広域に分布しています。よく山中の林内で、ひっそりと可憐な花を咲かせるので、花言葉は「秘めた意志」。また、開花期間が長いので「永遠にあなたのもの」「永遠の若さ」です。
ホトトギスの茎葉
ホトトギスは直立・下垂する茎に褐色の毛が密生。さらに、基部で茎を抱き、互生する長楕円形の葉にも、軟毛が生えています。そのため、種名は「短い剛毛のある」という意味。一方、「サツマホトトギス」は茎や葉に毛が生えない変種で、鹿児島県西部に分布する絶滅危惧種です。
ホトトギスの花色
ホトトギスは葉腋に花を上向きに咲かせ、形は漏斗状。花被片の内側に紫色の斑点、基部に黄色の斑点があります。和名の由来は花被片の斑点が、初夏の渡り鳥「ホトトギス」の胸の模様を連想させるから。一方、「シロホトトギス 」は花被片に紫色の斑点模様がほとんどありません。
ホトトギスの花容
ホトトギスは花弁が６枚。内花被片が３枚、外花被片が３枚です。雄しべは６本。花糸が花柱に沿って立ち上がり、上のほうで反り返ります。花糸の先端に葯が外を向いて付着。雌しべは花柱が３つに分かれ、その先端がさらに２つに分かれます。果実は長さ３cm。３稜の蒴果です。
Toad Lily
Ecology of Toad lily
Toad lily is a perennial plant belonging to the genus Tricyrtis in the family Liliaceae. It is endemic to Japan and is widely distributed from southwestern Hokkaido to Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. The flower language is “hidden will” because it often blooms pretty flowers quietly in the forest in the mountains. Also, since the flowering period is long, it is “forever yours” and “forever youth”.
Toad lily foliage
Toad lily has brown hairs densely growing on its upright and hanging stems. In addition, vellus hair grows on the oblong leaves that hold the stem at the base and alternate. Therefore, the species name means “with short bristles”. On the other hand, “Satsuma Hototogisu” is a variety that does not grow hair on its stems and leaves, and is an endangered species that is distributed in western Kagoshima prefecture.
Flower color of the Toad lily
Toad lily blooms upwards on the axiles and is funnel-shaped. There are purple spots on the inside of the tepal and yellow spots on the base. The origin of the Japanese name is that the spots on the flower pieces are reminiscent of the chest pattern of the migratory bird “Hototogisu” in early summer. On the other hand, “Shiro Hototogisu” has almost no purple spots on the flower pieces.
Toad lily flower
Toad lily has 6 petals. There are 3 inner flower pieces and 3 outer flower pieces. There are 6 stamens. The filament rises along the style and bends at the top. Anthers face outward and adhere to the tip of the filament. The style of the pistil is divided into three, and the tip is further divided into two. The fruits are 3 cm long. It is a capsule with 3 ridges.
