トケイソウの英名のパッションはキリスト教の「受難」という意味。雌しべが磔刑、副花冠が後光を表し、「信仰」という花言葉もあります。
The name Passion Flower comes from the Christian “the Passion”. The pistil represents the crucifixion and the corona represents the halo. It also has the flower language of “faith”.
【仮名】トケイソウ
【和名】時計草
【英名】Passion Flower
【学名】Passiflora caerulea
【誕生】06/ 10, 06/ 13, 06/ 24, 06/ 27, 07/ 21, 08/ 21
【開花】05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10月
【花色】White, Pink, Purple
トケイソウ
トケイソウの概要
トケイソウはトケイソウ科の常緑蔓性低木です。原産地は中南米の熱帯～亜熱帯地域。日本へは18世紀にオランダから渡来しました。中南米では根・葉・果実が鎮静、利尿、駆虫、抗菌などの薬用に。欧州ではイエス・キリストを象徴する花とされ、「信仰」という花言葉もあります。
トケイソウの名前
トケイソウの和名は「時計」に由来。雌しべを時針、分針、秒針に、花被を文字盤に見立てます。英名のパッションはキリスト教の「受難」という意味。雌しべが磔刑、副花冠が後光を表します。ラテン語の属名パッシフロラは「受難の花」、種小名カエルレアは「青色」という意味。
トケイソウの姿形
トケイソウは葉腋から巻きひげを伸ばし、他物に絡みながら蔓を伸ばします。葉は柄が長く、掌状に深く３～７裂し、互生。花は微かに香ります。苞が３枚、萼片が５枚、花弁が５枚、糸状の副花冠が３～４列、雄しべが５本、雌しべが３裂。花後は卵形で橙黄色の液果を肥らせます。
トケイソウの近縁
トケイソウの近縁「果物時計草」は食用種。果実が大きく、酸味に優れ、生食やジュース、ジャムに用いられます。葉は深く３裂。裂片の幅が広く、縁に鋸歯が入ります。花は副花冠が花被片よりも長く伸び、先端が捲縮。そのほか、「紅花時計草」や「黄花時計草」などもあります。
Passion Flower
Passion Flower is an evergreen vine shrub of the Passifloraceae family. It is native to the tropical and subtropical regions of Central and South America. It was introduced to Japan from the Netherlands in the 18th century. In Central and South America, the roots, leaves, and fruits were used as sedatives, diuretics, anthelmintics, and antibacterial drugs. In Europe, it is considered a flower that symbolizes Jesus Christ, and its flower language is also “faith”.
The Japanese name of Passion Flower means “clock”. The pistil represents the hour, minute, and second hands, and the perianth represents the dial. The English name comes from the Christian “the Passion”. The pistil represents the crucifixion and the corona represents the halo. The Latin genus name Passiflora means “Passion Flower”, and the specific name caerulea means “blue”.
Passion Flower grows tendrils from the leaf axils and grows vines while entwining with other plants. The leaves have long stalks, palmately deep 3-7 lobes, and alternate. The flowers have a faint fragrance. They have 3 bracts, 5 sepals, 5 petals, 3-4 rows of thread-like coronas, 5 stamens, and 3-lobed pistils. After flowering, they produce egg-shaped, orange-yellow berries.
Passiflora edulis, a close relative of Passion Flower, is an edible species. It has large fruits with excellent acidity, and is used for eating raw, juice, and jam. The leaves are deep and 3-lobed. They have wide lobes and serrated edges. The coronas of the flowers extend longer than the tepals, and the tips are curled up. Other varieties include “Passiflora coccinea” with red flowers and “Passiflora citrina” with yellow flowers.
