ホソバウンランの和名の由来は花が「海蘭」に似ていて葉が細いから。「炒り卵」色の花は金魚のような唇形で後方に距が長く伸びています。
The origin of the Japanese name of Common toadflax is that the flowers resemble “Unran” and the leaves are thin. The “Butter And Eggs” -colored flowers have a goldfish-like lip shape and a long distance behind them.
【仮名】ホソバウンラン, セイヨウウンラン
【和名】細葉海蘭, 西洋海蘭
【英名】Common Toadflax, Butter And Eggs
【学名】Linaria vulgaris
【誕生】11/ 29
【開花】05, 06, 07, 08, 09月
【花色】White, Yellow
ホソバウンラン
ホソバウンランの名前
ホソバウンランはオオバコ科ウンラン属の多年草です。自生地は海岸の砂地や道端、草地など。和名の由来は花が「海蘭」に似ていて、葉が細いからです。英名「蟇蛙亜麻」の由来は花の形がヒキガエルに、葉の形がアマに似ているから。英名「炒り卵」は花の色が似ているからです。
ホソバウンランの分布
ホソバウンランの原産地は欧州です。それが北米、南米、豪州などに拡大。分布は最初、沿岸部だけでしたが繁殖力が強く、内陸にも広がります。日本には明治～大正時代に薬用や観賞用で導入され、各地で野生化。可憐な花が力強く育つことから、花言葉は「喜びも悲しみも」です。
ホソバウンランの形態
ホソバウンランは全体に粉白色。茎は無毛で直立し、根元からよく枝分かれします。葉は茎の下部で対生または輪生、上部で互生。花は金魚のような唇形で後方に距が長く伸びています。果実は球形～楕円形で、熟すと不規則に裂ける蒴果。中に翼のある種子がたくさん入っています。
ホソバウンランの近縁
ホソバウンランと同じようなところに生えて花も似ているのが「海蘭」です。丈は小さく、葉は楕円形。外来種「黄花海蘭」も葉の幅が広く、花の橙色部分は小さいもののよく似ています。また、同じように近縁の「姫金魚草」もそっくり。色違いでは「白花西洋海蘭」も似ています。
Common Toadflax
Common toadflax name
Common toadflax is a perennial plant belonging to the genus Toadflax of the Plantain family. The native area is coast sandy areas, roadsides, grasslands, etc. The origin of the Japanese name is that the flowers resemble “Unran” and the leaves are thin. The English name “Toadflax” is derived from the fact that the shape of the flower resembles a toad and the shape of the leaf resembles a flax. This is because the English name “Butter And Eggs” has similar flower colors.
Distribution of Common toadflax
The origin of Common toadflax is Europe. It has expanded to North America, South America, Australia, etc. Initially, it was distributed only in the coastal areas, but it is highly fertile and extends inland. Introduced in Japan for medicinal and ornamental purposes during the Meiji and Taisho eras, it has become wild in various places. The flower language is “joy and sadness” because pretty flowers grow powerfully.
Form of Common toadflax
Common toadflax is powdery white throughout. The stem is hairless, upright and well-branched from the root. The leaves are opposite or round at the bottom of the stem and alternate at the top. The flowers are lip-shaped like goldfish and have a long distance behind them. The fruits are spherical to oval, and when ripe, they split irregularly. There are a lot of winged seeds inside.
Close relatives of Common toadflax
“Unran” grows in the same place as the Common toadflax and has similar flowers. The length is small and the leaves are oval. The exotic species “Kibana Unran” also has wide leaves, and the orange part of the flower is small, but it is very similar. Also, the closely related “Hime Kingyo Sou” looks exactly like that. In different colors, “Shirobana Seiyou Unran” is similar.
