マルバルコウは花が縷紅草に似ていて葉がハート形。花は小さな漏斗状の５角形で周りが赤色、真ん中が黄色、雄しべと雌しべが突き出ます。
Red Morning Glory has flowers that look like Cypress Vine and leaves that are heart-shaped. The flowers are small, funnel-shaped, pentagonal, red around and yellow in the center, with protruding stamens and pistils.
【仮名】マルバルコウ
【和名】丸葉縷紅
【英名】Red Morning Glory
【学名】Ipomoea coccinea
【誕生】10/ 21
【開花】08, 09, 10月
【花色】Red, Orange
マルバルコウ
マルバルコウの来歴
マルバルコウはヒルガオ科サツマイモ属の蔓性１年草。原産地は北米で、南米、豪州、アジア、アフリカへと広がりました。日本へは江戸時代の末期に観賞用で渡来し、本州の中部地方から四国、九州まで温暖地に広がって野生化。人里に近い野原から耕地、道端まで自生しています。
マルバルコウの名前
マルバルコウの名前の由来は、葉の細長い「縷紅草」に花が似ていて、葉が丸いから。縷は糸という意味で、縷紅草の葉の形を表します。ラテン語の属名イポメアは「芋虫のような」という意味で、物に絡みながら這い上がるから。種名コクシネアは「緋紅色」で、花の色を表します。
マルバルコウの姿形
マルバルコウは蔓性。茎が様々なものに絡まりながら長さ３ｍくらいまで伸びます。葉はハート形で互生。花は朝方咲いて夕方しぼむ１日花です。花冠は小さな漏斗状の５角形で周りが赤色、真ん中が黄色、雄しべと雌しべが突出。花後は蒴果を結び、熟すと割れて種子を散らします。
マルバルコウの近縁
マルバルコウの近縁種「縷紅草」は葉が細長い羽状で、花色が真紅。この縷紅草と丸葉縷紅の交配種「紅葉縷紅」は、「羽衣縷紅草」とも呼ばれ、葉が掌状に細裂。これら縷紅草と紅葉縷紅は、各地で雑草のように自生する丸葉縷紅と違い、緑のカーテンなどの観賞用に栽培されます。
Red Morning Glory
History of Red Morning Glory
Red Morning Glory is a climbing annual plant belonging to the Convolvulaceae family. It originated in North America and spread to South America, Australia, Asia, and Africa. It was introduced to Japan as an ornamental at the end of the Edo period. It grows naturally from fields close to human settlements to arable land and roadsides.
Name of Red Morning Glory
The origin of “Round Leaves Cypress Vine” which is the Japanese name of Red Morning Glory, is that the leaves are round and the flowers are similar to “Cypress Vine”. the leaves of Cypress Vine are elongated like threads and pinnate. The genus name Ipomoea in Latin means “like a caterpillar” because it crawls up and entangles things. The species name coccinea is “scarlet”, which describes the color of the flowers.
Form of Red Morning Glory
Red Morning Glory is a vine. Stems are attached to various things and grow up to 3 meters in length. The leaves are heart-shaped and alternate. The flowers are one-day flowers that bloom in the morning and wither in the evening. The corolla is a small funnel-shaped pentagon, red around and yellow in the center, with protruding stamens and pistils. After flowering, it forms a capsule, and when ripe, it splits and scatters the seeds.
Relatives of Red Morning Glory
The closely related species of Red Morning Glory, “Cypress Vine”, has elongated pinnate leaves and crimson flowers. The hybrid of this Cypress Vine and Red Morning Glory is “Cardinal Climber”, and its leaves are split into palmate shapes. Unlike the Red Morning Glory that grows wild like weeds in various places, these Cypress Vine and Cardinal Climber are cultivated for ornamental purposes such as green curtains.
