キクザキイチゲはイチリンソウ属の多年草です。名前は菊に似ている花を茎先に一つだけ咲かせるから。花言葉は「追憶」「静かな瞳」です。
Altai Anemone is a perennial herb of the Ranunculaceae family. The Japanese name means that a single chrysanthemum-like flower blooms at the tip of the stem. The language of flowers is “reminiscence” and “quiet eyes”.
【仮名】キクザキイチゲ, キクザキイチリンソウ
【和名】菊咲一華, 菊咲一輪草
【英名】Altai Anemone
【学名】Anemone pseudoaltaica
【誕生】03/ ??
【開花】03, 04, 05月
【花色】White, Pink, Violet
キクザキイチゲ
キクザキイチゲの概要
キクザキイチゲはキンポウゲ科イチリンソウ属の多年草です。日本の北海道から本州中部まで分布し、山野に群生。秋に葉を伸ばして冬を越し、春に花を咲かせて夏に休眠します。「スプリング・エフェメラル（春の妖精）」と呼ばれる花の一つ。花言葉は「追憶」「静かな瞳」です。
キクザキイチゲの名前
キクザキイチゲの名前の由来は、菊に似ている花を茎先に一つだけ咲かせるから。「菊咲一輪草」とも呼ばれます。ラテン語の属名アネモネは「風」に由来し、種小名シュードアルタイカは「アルタイ種に似ている」といった意味。アルタイは中央アジア、ロシア中南部の地域名です。
キクザキイチゲの姿形
キクザキイチゲは地下茎で拡がります。秋には根生葉が三出複葉で伸長。葉身に深い切れ込みが入ります。春には茎葉が三輪生で展開。小葉の縁に鋸歯が入ります。花は白色または淡い桃色や青紫色で、花弁のような萼片が８～13枚。雄しべが多く、葯は白色です。花後は痩果を形成。
キクザキイチゲの近縁
キクザキイチゲの近縁種「東一華」は北海道から九州まで分布。葉は切れ込みが浅く、花は白色のみで、「雨降花」とも呼ばれます。近縁種「雪割一華」は本州中部から九州まで分布。錆び色の葉に斑が入ります。花は萼片が10～20枚と多めで、葯が黄色。「裏紅草」とも呼ばれます。
Altai Anemone
Altai Anemone is a perennial herb of the Ranunculaceae family. It is distributed from Hokkaido to central Honshu in Japan, and grows in large numbers in the mountains and fields. It grows leaves in the fall, overwinters, blooms in the spring, and goes dormant in the summer. It is one of the flowers called “Spring ephemeral”. The language of flowers is “reminiscence” and “quiet eyes”.
The Japanese name of Altai Anemone means that a single chrysanthemum-like flower blooms at the tip of the stem. The Latin genus name Anemone comes from “wind”, and the species name pseudoaltaica means “resembling the species Altai”. Altai is the name of a region in central Asia, south-central Russia.
Altai Anemone spreads by underground rhizomes. In autumn, the basal leaves grow into three compound leaves. It has deep notches in the leaf blade. In spring, the stems and leaves develop in three-wheeled formations. It has serrations on the edges of the leaflets. The flowers are white, pale pink, or blue-purple, and have 8 to 13 petal-like sepals. There are many stamens, and the anthers are white. After flowering, achenes form.
“Anemone raddeana”, a related species of Altai Anemone, is distributed from Hokkaido to Kyushu. The leaves are shallowly notched and the flowers are only white. It also has a Japanese name: “Flower of rain”. A closely related species, “Anemone keiskeana”, is distributed from central Honshu to Kyushu. The rust-colored leaves have spots. The flowers have 10 to 20 sepals, and the anthers are yellow. There is also a Japanese name called “Igusa with a red back”.
