タチフウロは、日当たりのよい山野や林縁で自生。花は淡い赤紫色の花弁に濃い赤紫色の脈を走らせます。花言葉は「信頼」「友情」「絆」。
Geranium krameri grows naturally in sunny fields and forest edges. The flowers have pale purple petals with dark purple veins. The flower language is “trust,” “friendship,” and “bonds.”
【仮名】タチフウロ
【和名】立風露
【英名】Geranium krameri
【学名】Geranium krameri
【誕生】07/ 27
【開花】07, 08, 09月
【花色】Pink, Purple
タチフウロ
タチフウロの概要
タチフウロはフウロソウ科の多年草。日本では本州の東北地方南部から四国、九州まで、国外では朝鮮半島、中国東北部、ロシア沿海地方に分布しています。日当たりのよい山野や林縁で自生。花は淡い赤紫色の花弁に濃い赤紫色の脈を走らせます。花言葉は「信頼」「友情」「絆」。
タチフウロの名前
タチフウロの名前の由来は茎が立つから。風露草は木々で囲まれた草刈り場「風露野」に生える草という意味です。ラテン語の属名ゲラニウムは「鶴」という意味で蒴果が嘴のようだから。種小名クラメリは明治時代に日本で植物を採集したドイツ人カール・クレーマーへの献名です。
タチフウロの姿形
タチフウロの茎は粗毛が密生。株元で倒伏しながら、中ほどから立ち上がります。葉は掌状に深く５～７裂、さらに裂片が３裂。有柄で根生、無柄で対生し、表も裏も粗毛が密生します。花は萼片が５枚、花弁が５枚、雄しべが10本、雌しべが５裂。花後は細長い蒴果が上を向きます。
タチフウロの近縁
タチフウロに姿形が似ている近縁種「浅間風露」は花が大きく、花色が濃く、「白山風露」は花弁の幅が狭く、脈の色が薄く、「伊吹風露」は花弁の先が浅く３裂。一方、生薬として使い方が似ている近縁種「一花風露」「小風露」「伊予風露」は、下痢、便秘、整腸に用いられます。
Geranium krameri
Geranium krameri is a perennial plant of the Geraniaceae family. In Japan, it is distributed from the southern Tohoku region of Honshu to Shikoku and Kyushu, and overseas to the Korean Peninsula, northeastern China, and Primorsky Krai in Russia. It grows naturally in sunny fields and forest edges. The flowers have pale purple petals with dark purple veins. The flower language is “trust,” “friendship,” and “bonds.”
The Japanese name of Geranium krameri means “a grass with upright stems that grows in a grass-cutting area surrounded by trees.” The Latin genus name Geranium means “crane,” because the capsule resembles a beak. The specific name krameri is a tribute to Carl Kramer, a German who collected the plant in Japan during the Meiji period.
The stems of Geranium krameri are densely covered with coarse hairs. The plant lies flat at the base, but rises from the middle. The leaves are palmate with 5-7 deep lobes, and each lobe is further divided into 3 lobes. There are two types of leaves: basal leaves with petioles, and opposite leaves without petioles, and the tops and bottoms of the leaves are densely covered with coarse hairs. The flower has 5 sepals, 5 petals, 10 stamens, and 5-lobed pistil. After flowering, a long, slender capsule faces upward.
The closely related species “soboliferum”, which looks similar to Geranium krameri, has large flowers with a dark color. “yesoense” has narrow petals and light-colored veins. “lobulatum” has shallow petal tips with 3 lobes. On the other hand, the closely related species “sibiricum”, “tripartitum”, and “shikokianum”, which have similar uses as herbal medicines to krameri, are used to treat diarrhea, constipation, and intestinal regulation.
